The transfer of lime milk or activated
carbon is an essential step in the treatment of wastewater and potable water.
Excellence pumps are designed to provide
the highest performance whilst having the smallest footprint. Maximum
efficiency, reliability and reduced maintenance costs are ensured when using
Excellence pumps.
An imbalance of low and high pressures can
occur as a result of injecting the fluid for a chamber filter press system.
With their extended range of accessories, Excellence pumps ensure a
trouble-free, controlled operation.
About Rotodynamic
(Centrifugal) Pumps
Rotodynamic pumps may be classified by such
methods as impeller or casing configuration, end application of the pump,
specific speed, or mechanical configuration. The method used in Figure 1.1.3a
is based primarily on mechanical configuration.
1.1.1 Scope
This standard covers rotodynamic pumps with
centrifugal (radial), mixed flow, and axial flow impellers, as well as
regenerative turbine and pitot tube type pumps, of all industrial/commercial
types except vertically suspended diffuser turbine pumps. It contains
description of types, nomenclature, and definitions.
1.1.2 Definition of rotodynamic
(centrifugal) pumps
Rotodynamic pumps are kinetic machines in
which energy is continuously imparted to the pumped fluid by means of a
rotating impeller, propeller, or rotor. The most common types of rotodynamic
pumps are centrifugal (radial), mixed flow, and axial flow pumps.
Centrifugal pumps use bladed impellers with
essentially radial outlet to transfer rotational mechanical energy to the fluid
primarily by increasing the fluid kinetic energy (angular momentum) and also
increasing potential energy (static pressure). Kinetic energy is then converted
into usable pressure energy in the discharge collector.
1.1.3 Types of rotodynamic pumps
Rotodynamic pumps are most commonly typed
by their general mechanical configuration (see Figures 1.1.3a, b, c, and d).
The broadest characteristics, which include virtually all centrifugal pumps, are
discussed in the following paragraphs:
1.1.3.1 Overhung impeller type
In this group, the impeller(s) is mounted
on the end of a shaft that is cantilevered or “overhung” from its bearing
supports.
These pumps are either close coupled, where
the impeller is mounted directly on the driver shaft; or separately coupled,
where the impeller is mounted on a separate pump shaft supported by its own
bearings. One variation of this design is the submersible type, where a
close-coupled pump/electric motor unit is designed to operate while submerged
in the liquid it is pumping or another liquid.
1.1.3.1.1 Close coupled
Close-coupled pumps are commonly
characterized by the following attributes:
The pump and driver share one common shaft;
the driver bearings absorb all pump thrust loads (axial and radial).
The driver is aligned and assembled
directly to the pump unit with machined fits.
1.1.3.1.2 Short coupled
Pumps described as short coupled have a
coupling arrangement in which the motor is supplied with a flange adaptor that
mounts directly to the casing, or body of the pump, thereby permitting the use
of a single or solidly coupled shaft. A variation of this design is a
magnetically coupled sealless pump, which uses a series of magnets mounted
directly on the motor shaft. (See also Section 1.1.6.8 Special case ASME/ANSI
B73.1, C-frame adaptor.)
Short coupled pumps are commonly
characterized by the following attributes:
The pump and driver have separate shafts;
the pump has an integral bearing housing to absorb all pump thrust loads (axial
and radial). The driver is aligned and assembled directly to the pump unit with
machined fits.
1.1.3.1.3 Rigidly coupled
Pumps described as rigidly coupled have
their shaft rigidly coupled to the driver shaft.
Rigidly coupled pumps are commonly
characterized by the following attributes:
The pump and driver have separate shafts
connected by a rigid coupling; the pump has an internal product-lubricated
radial bearing. The driver is aligned and assembled directly to the pump unit
with machined fits. The driver bearings absorb all pump axial thrust loads and
residual radial loads.
1.1.3.1.4 Flexibly coupled
Pumps described as flexibly coupled have
the pump shaft flexibly coupled to the driver shaft via a flexible element
drive coupling. Usually of the spacer type.
Flexibly coupled pumps are commonly
characterized by the following attributes:
Pump and driver have separate shafts; the
pump has an integral bearing housing to absorb all pump thrust loads (axial and
radial). With this arrangement the motor may be mounted on a support that is
independent of the pump and not structurally connected to the pump frame.
1.1.3.1.5 High-speed integral gear-driven
pumps
High-speed integral gear-driven
single-stage overhung pumps have a speed increasing gearbox integral with the
pump. The impeller is mounted directly to the gearbox output shaft. There is no
coupling between the gearbox and pump; however, the gearbox is flexibly coupled
to its driver. These pumps may be oriented vertically or horizontally.
Integral gear-driven single-stage overhung
pumps are commonly characterized by the following attributes:
Pump, gearbox, and driver have separate
shafts; the pump and gearbox have internal bearings to absorb all thrust loads
(axial and radial). The gearbox shaft is flexibly coupled to the driver shaft
and the motor mounts on a frame supported by the pump and gear unit.
1.1.3.2 Impeller between-bearings type
In this group, the impeller(s) is mounted
on a shaft with bearings at both ends. The impeller(s) is mounted between these
bearings.
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